Tungsten Oxide

As common energy storage devices, batteries play a key role in our daily life. Modern batteries are no longer characterized by the simple purpose of energy storage, but with designed multi-functionality as one of the hot topics and development directions of the battery research. A new-style electrochromic battery has been conceived which enables the highly desired convenient user-device interface based on a friendly human-readable output. However, the field of combination between the technology of battery and electrochromism is still rather young with many unsolved problems. For example, the specific capacity that the electrochromic battery delivers is rather low and the battery device needs a very long time for self-charging (12 hours). Therefore, exploring smart electrochromic battery with high performances is undoubtedly a worthwhile field of inquiry, and various solutions for building electrochromic batteries with new device configurations are eagerly needed. T

Nanostructures such as nanowires, nanorods, nanotubes of metal oxide semiconductor (MO S ) materials have recently attracted monumental interest in gas-sensing applications because of their excellent performances owing to their large surface to vol-ume ratio, lower electron recombination rate and high stability. Among various MO S  materials, tungsten oxide (WO 3 ) is a highly promising candidate due to its fast response with high sensitivity toward NO x . Glancing angle depositio (GLAD) technique is a relatively new method for fabrication of well-ordered and sophisticated nanostructures i.e. nanorods, nanoblade and zigzag nanocolumns. It is a modified physical vapor deposition process, in which substrate surface is rotated and tilted to an angle greater than 80° with respect to the normal of substrate surface or less than 10°with respect to the direction of vapor flux. The vapor molecules directed to the substrate will experience shadowing and limited surface diffusion condition

Ozonolysis is of great interest to synthetic organic chemistry because it is one of the most efficient tools for oxidatively cleaving carbon-carbon double bonds. Ozonolysis is generally used to prepare biologically active molecules. Therefore, the reactions between ozone and organic compounds continue to be a subject of significant interest from mechanistic, synthetic, and environmental perspectives. The importance of O 3  reactions with alkenes in the troposphere and solution has led to many experimental and theoretical studies of their kinetics and mechanism. Scientists addresses tungsten oxide nanoparticle syntheses for use as a catalyst in the novel one-step synthesis of malonic acid ester. Malonic acid ester is directly synthesized and esterified via the ozonolysis of palm olein (palm oil fraction), which comprises 10% linoleic acid as an unsaturated fatty acid. The main advantages of using tungsten oxide nanoparticles as the catalyst for this esterification are to shorten t

Tungsten oxide , also known as tungsten trioxide or tungstic anhydride, WO3, is a chemical compound containing oxygen and the transition metal tungsten. It is obtained as an intermediate in the recovery of tungsten from its minerals. The tungsten oxide nanoparticles can be applied in many areas. They can be used in colorant and analysis reagent of chinaware,  used in producing metal tungsten material, gas sensors,  fire-proofing fabrics, imaging; large-area displays, catalysts; ceramic pigments; humidity sensors, infrared switching devices; high-density memory devices and so on. Orthorhombic tungsten oxide (o-WO 3 ) thin films, stabilized by nanocrystalline anatase TiO 2 , are obtained by a sol–gel based two stage dip coating method and subsequent annealing at 600℃. An Organically Modified Silicate (ORMOSIL) based templating strategy is adopted to achieve porosity. An asymmetric electrochromic device is constructed based on this porous o-WO 3  layer. The intercalation/deinte

Metal oxide semiconductors (MOS) have been utilized as gas sensing active materials for half a century. One of the most promising solid-state MO S  chemo sensors is n-type semiconducting tungsten oxide-based  gas  sensor.  They  have  demonstrated  novel sensing  properties  such  as  high  sensitivity,  fast response  time  and  low  operation  temperature.  In particular,  pure  or  doped  tungsten  oxide  is  a  promising material for the detection of various substances, e.g., H 2 ,H 2 S,NOx, NH 3  and ethanol. Scientists have investigated  the sensing characteristics  of  WO 3  nanoparticles  to H 2 S  in  the 7 to 200 ppm range at working temperatures of the range of 100–225 ℃.  Semiconductor  gas  sensors  based  on nanocrystalline  WO 3   powders  were  prepared  by  acid precipitation method. The thick films of the powder were coated on to glass  substrate, annealed at 600 ℃ and its response  to  different  concentration  of  H 2 S  gas  was studied.  Sensor behavior

Tungsten carbide is a chemical compound containing equal parts of tungsten and carbon atoms. In the tungsten carbide powder, carbon atoms will embed in the interstice of tungsten metal lattice, which will not destroy the lattice of original metal and will form interstitial solid solution. Therefore, it can be also called interstitial compound or insertion compound, which is mainly used in producing cemented carbide due to its high hardness. As tungsten carbide powder has large application range, it has given rise to the waves of researching the preparation of tungsten carbide powder. Violet tungsten oxide can be used in producing tungsten carbide powder, this is because it has single-crystal structure, abundant crack as well as its interior is composed by loose needle-like or rod like particles, which will be beneficial for making tungsten carbide powder that has superior quality. In the preparation of tungsten carbide powder by violet tungsten oxide , violet tungsten oxide is used as