Tungsten Oxide

Functional ceramics have many excellent properties in electricity, magnetism, sound, light, heat, etc. that make it difficult for other material to match, and some have more than one function. And these properties usually depends on the internal electronic state or structure of the atomic nucleus. It’s also known as electronic ceramics. It has been widely used in energy development, electronic technology, sensor technology, laser technology, photonics technology, infrared technology, biotechnology, environmental science and other aspects. In addition, the semiconductor ceramic, the insulating ceramic, the dielectric ceramic, luminescent ceramics, photosensitive ceramic, absorbing ceramics, ceramic laser, a ceramic nuclear fuel, propellants ceramics, ceramic converting solar light into energy storage and ceramics, ceramics solid battery, ceramic damping biotechnology ceramics, catalysis ceramics, film and other special functions, which also play important roles in automatic control, in

Cesium is a golden yellow metal, low melting point active metal, easily oxidized in air and can react violently with water to produce hydrogen and even explode. There is no elemental form of cesium in nature, cesium minimal distribution in the ocean in the form of cesium salt. Cesium tungsten bronze is widely used because of its low resistance, excellent visible light transmittance, near-infrared shielding properties. Also it is widely used in preparing conductive thin film, since being the glass transparent insulation coating as insulating agent, it has excellent properties like low resistance, excellent visible light transmittance and near-infrared shielding performance. The article provides a method that using ammonium paratungstate and cesium nitrate as raw materials to produce Cesium-tungsten oxide ultrafine powder, the specific steps are as follows: 1. Weighing the cesium nitrate, ammonium paratungstate by the molar ratio of Cs/W being 1: (1.5 to 2.8), and adding chelating agen

Under certain conditions the six-phase tungsten oxide （h-WO 3 ）can exist in stable form. When annealing temperature exceeds 400℃, it can turns into monoclinic system（γ-WO 3 ）. Nano tungsten oxide applied in electric and optical field is different from tungsten oxide bulk. The main differences are phase transition temperature drops evidently, so sometimes orthorhombic tungsten oxide（β-WO 3 ）appears and is stable under room temperature. Chemical stoichiometric number of tungsten oxide seems simple, its phase transition and structure change is complex. The ideal tungsten oxide is octahedron, W 6+   exists in the center part of it. O 2  as anion distribute in the other eight edges. Actually, W 6+   often deviates from the center part, the whole structure turns into tetragonal crystal（α-WO 3 ）, temperature range is T>740℃. For orthorhombic system, 740℃>T>330℃; monoclinic system: 330℃>T>17℃ and triclinic system: 17℃>T>-43℃. Below are SEM graphs of tungsten oxide,

Tungsten oxide inorganic ceramic film has high efficiency, high temperature resistance, high performance and stable chemical property. It has wide application field. Compared to organic film, it has following characteristics: 1.Tungsten oxide inorganic ceramic film has small pore size distribution which shows as normal distribution, 80% of them has error within ±10%. For example, the 0.05um film, among which 80% of pores are 0.049um-0.051um, it insures the stability of the applied film. This has a big difference from organic film which the pore size distributes uniformly. 2.Porosity of tungsten oxide can reach 35%-40% which ensures film flux. 3.Tungsten oxide inorganic ceramic film departure structure is more reasonable, there are supporting layer and separating layer, pore size is 5-10、1.0、0.6、0.2um, it becomes really gradient films which improve pollutant-resistance of film. The separating layer is even thinner which is easier to clean and wash. On the contrary, organic film is