Tungsten Oxide

When the inorganic crystal is subjected to high-energy particles or high-energy rays (such as X-rays, gamma-rays), a phosphor that emits visible light due to excitation of particles or rays, which is a scintillation crystal, and lead tungstate is a scintillation crystal. This property makes lead tungstate an indispensable part in nuclear medicine, high-energy physics, nuclear technology, space physics and petroleum exploration. Scintillation crystal is mainly used for CT machine, particle collider, detector and even laser weapons and other manufacturing, the common oxide scintillation crystals are mainly bismuth germanate, cadmium tungstate, calcium tungstate, cadmium molybdate and calcium molybdate, lead tungstate is a new scintillation crystal found in 1990s relative to other crystals. Lead tungstate (PbWO 4 ) monocrystalline belongs to the scheelite structure, its melting point is 1123 °C, its scintillation performance is not lower than other tungstate crystals, In 1...

Lead tungstate crystals have become a new generation of scintillating materials due to the high density, short radiation length and Moliere radius fast flicker decay time, strong anti-radiation damage ability, air deliquescence, chemical stability and low price. In recent years, lead tungstate crystals have also attracted attention in the field of nuclear medical equipment applications, especially in the positron emission tomography (PET) and other nuclear medicine imaging has become a hot research at home and abroad. However, lead tungstate scintillation crystals have many advantages, but lower fluorescence yields limit the use of lead tungstate crystals in high energy applications. Therefore, to improve the fluorescence yield of lead tungstate, we can better expand its field of application. At present, there are commonly used ways to improve the low light yield of lead tungstate crystals: (1) Improve the growth conditions, improve the purity of raw materials and adjus...

Molasses alcohol wastewater is produced by molasses fermentation in alcohol workshop of sugar refinery and high concentration and high chroma organic wastewater discharged later. It riches in protein and other organic compounds, but also contains more N, P, K, Ca, Mg and other inorganic salts and higher concentrations of SO 4 2-  and so on, most of these acidic waste water, and high chroma, will seriously pollute the water, the environment, or cause compaction of soil acidification, crop long illness. The main methods of treating molasses alcohol wastewater are irrigation, concentration, anaerobic and aerobic methods, biological products and EM bacteria technology, in addition to not producing biological products, other methods continue to harm the environment, or the cost is too high, unrealistic, will there be a feasible strategy for the best of both worlds? In recent years, with the development of photocatalytic technology of nano tungstate , more and more tun...