Tungsten Oxide

Nano semiconductor material used as photocatalyst to photolysis water has gained well efficiency. TiO 2  has high catalytic activity and stability is widely used as a kind of photocatalytic material. But its band gap is big (~3.2 eV), it can only be motivated by ultraviolet with short wave length, its light transaction efficiency is low (~4%). Tungsten oxide is an indirect band series transition semiconductor material. Compared to TiO 2 , it has narrow band gap (2.5~3.0 eV), the relevant absorbing wave length is 410~500nm and well photoelectric responsive property in visible light area. Tungsten oxide thin film electrode preparation method: Raw material: FTO glass; tungstic acid; hydrogen peroxide; acetone. (1) Be ready with clean FTO glass as the substrate of depositing WO 3 . Cut FTO glass into 1.2cm*2.5cm pieces and clean it by ultrasound and ultraviolet. The clean and flatness of FTO substrate has big effect on adhesive force and uniformity of thin film electrode. So before

While we love ceramics and glass, there’s just no denying it—steel is one of the most important materials to modern living. So this is big—researchers at Harvard University’s John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences have devised a way to improve the ubiquitous steel by protecting its surface from fouling and corrosion. While there are varying grades of steel today, the surface has remained largely unchanged—meaning that steel is still rather susceptible to corrosion and abrasion. Both disrupt the mechanical stability of steel, among other materials, and have a huge economic impact. According to the Wikipedia page on fouling, “one estimate puts the losses due to fouling of heat exchangers in industrialized nations to be about 0.25% of their GDP. Another analysis estimated (for 2006) the economical loss due to boiler and turbine fouling in China utilities at 4.68 billion dollars, which is about 0.169% of the country’s GDP.” Harvard researchers have developed a scal

Glucose exists in the nature by photosynthesis. Due to its abundant volume, low cost and reproducible, it is regarded as the main energy substrates to produce hydrogen. Glucose is the main waste of agriculture, food and paper-making industry, improper disposition will cause damage to environment. Recently many PEC systems produce hydrogen by glucose. Tungsten oxide connect with electrocatalyst to produce hydrogen from glucose shows good photocatalytic activity, deposit electrocatalyst on the surface of photocatalyst can promote photocatalytic activity of semiconductor. Electrocatalyst deposited on the surface of semiconductor will form a layer of cover. By changing electron distribution in the system, the surface property of WO 3  will be affected, so the photocatalytic activity is improved. Usually if Fermi level of WO 3  is higher than the two combined material, electron will keep migrating from WO 3  to depositing electrocatalyst. The shallow well potential Schottk energy barrie

Research and application of solar cell is the focus of nowadays research on power field, how to improve the efficiency and lowering the cost are the two key problems of solar cell. The manufacturing cost of silica solar cell is too expensive which can not be widely applied. Nano TiO 2  solar cell has gradually replaced the traditional one. Its manufacturing cost is only the 1/5~1/10, the photoelectric efficiency is maintained at 10%, its service life can reach 20 years. But how to promote the conversion rate is always the focus of research. Nano tungsten oxide material has the advantages like non toxic,harmless, easy to prepare, stable property, low price and fine visible light responsive, it is an ideal semiconductor photo anode material which is widely applied in photoelectrochemical field like photo degradation water, photo degradation organic pollutant and solar cell. Photo anode material of dye-sensitized solar cell mostly uses TiO 2 , the main reason is compared to ruthen

Development of new alternative electrode materials is essential in order for the polymer electrolyte fuel cell (PEFC) to be able to reach a broad market. Today, high platinum loadings are required, especially on the cathode, to obtain sufficient activity for oxygen reduction. In addition, electrode degradation causes loss of catalyst surface area and requires high initial loadings to maintain the cell performance over time. There are problems related to Pt also on the anode side where poisoning of the catalyst, by e.g. CO, reduces the activity. Approaches to improve the electrodes and reduce their costs are continuously evaluated and include alternative catalysts or supports as well as new structures and morphologies of the catalyst layer. Alternative catalysts, based on non-precious metals, Pt alloys/mixtures, and/or novel supports should preferably reduce the total amount of Pt, increase the activity, and be stable in the fuel cell environment. The support material can influence t

To promote the photoelectrochemical property, we usually take the following methods: (1) Loading precious simple metal substance such as Pt, Ag, Au. Lay WO 3  over FTO with Ag grid, the testing photocurrent density is two times than the one without Ag. (2) Doping certain amount of metal ion or non-metal ion in tungsten oxide . Doping Ta 5+  in WO 3  photo electrode, the experiment shows that photoelectric conversion rate of doping electrode is much higher. (3) Recombine WO 3  with other inorganic semiconductor material, use impregnation method to prepare CuO/WO 3  composite material. It turns out that CuO/WO 3  shows better photo catalytic ethylal. (4) Recombine WO3 with organic material. Prepare PBrT/WO 3  and PMOT/WO 3  composite material. After testing it shows that the composite one has better electrochemical property. This paper mainly focuses on the research of Zn affects WO 3  thin film photoelectrode photoelectrochemical property. Use simple cathode electro dep