Bismuth Tungstate Preparation by Hydrothermal Method
Bismuth tungstate is a new type of photocatalyst which has attracted much attention in recent years.
It has not only good catalytic performance, stable photocatalytic activity, but also non-toxic environment. It is becoming a new hot spot in the field of photocatalyst.
The liquid phase methods for preparing bismuth tungstate include solvothermal method, precipitation method, microemulsion method, hydrothermal method, etc.. Among the many methods, hydrothermal method has become the most popular method because of its simple operation process, high utilization ratio of raw materials, less energy consumption, and conforms to the policy of energy saving and emission reduction.
The working principle of the hydrothermal method is in a closed reaction vessel special (autoclave), using aqueous solution as reaction medium, heating the reaction vessel, creating a high temperature and high pressure reaction environment, the insoluble substances dissolved in normal temperature and recrystallization.
The main advantages of preparing bismuth tungstate by hydrothermal method: 1. The required reaction equipment is simple; 2. An optimum redox environment can be formed by controlling the reaction atmosphere through an autoclave; 3. The quality of bismuth tungstate is stable; 4. The hydrothermal method can effectively control the grain size and morphology of bismuth tungstate because of isothermal, isobaric and solution conditions; 5. Hydrothermal method does not require calcination and the addition of too many toxic agents, it is more environmentally friendly.
Some scholars used hydrothermal method to produce bismuth tungstate, and sixteen alkyl three ammonium bromide (CTAB) was used as surfactant. By adjusting the pH value in the solution, Bi2WO6 with different structure and morphology was prepared, the samples prepared by XRD, SEM and BET were characterized, the photocatalytic degradation of the prepared samples was also investigated, the optimum temperature of bismuth tungstate prepared by hydrothermal method is 180 °C, and the optimum pH value is 9.5.
Hydrothermal method is the main method for preparing bismuth tungstate at present. Interestingly, the crystal morphology of bismuth tungstate obtained by hydrothermal method is different at different temperatures and different mineralizer, there are square, sheet, spiral, bird's nest shape, plum balls, various forms of bismuth tungstate is different, the range of use is also slightly different.
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